Background and Objective: Plants of the genusMarrubium are used to cure several infectious diseases like asthma, rheumatoid and diabetes.This study investigatedin vivo antihyperglycemic capacity of the methanolic fraction (MeOHE) of twoMarrubium species via animal model.Materials and Methods: The plant extracts were investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively to reveal their phytochemical composition.Pharmacologically speaking, Wistar albino rats of either sex (150-180 g) were used to investigate the antidiabetic effect using 25 rats in each ofthe two used approaches; respectively Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and streptozotocin-induced diabetes approaches. In addition, variousbiochemical parameters were investigated to confirm the pharmacological quality of our plants. Evaluated for their possible antidiabetic effectduring two consecutive weeks for glycemia levels (2 hrs period). Results: Data revealed that MeOHE induced a significant antihyperglycemic effect,in whichM. deserti, a slight decrease in the glucose level at (143±0.5 mg/dL) was obtained while a reduction was recorded forM. vulgare(71.5±0.75 mg/dL) with a same observation for triglycerides, cholesterol, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (TGO), glutamic pyruvic transaminase(TGP), creatinine comparing to standard. Moreover, the result showed high levels of phenolic and flavono{\"ıds content. Conclusion: This modestwork confirmed once again the real pharmacological capacity of vegetals and their possible implication to cure diabetes and complications relatedto it underlying the antihyperglycemic activity of these plants.

The current investigation is centered on the characterization of specific apple cultivars in the Garza region, within the Teniet El Abed municipality, situated 55 km east of Batna (NE-Algeria). Utilizing descriptors outlined by UPOV 2015 pertaining to apples, the study focuses on morphological parameters of leaves, fruits, and terminal shoots across three varieties: Golden Delicious, Royal Gala, and Starkrimson. Additionally, soil analysis was conducted to ascertain its suitability for apple cultivation. The examination revealed limited morphological diversity among the investigated apple cultivars, with some descriptors, particularly those related to fruit traits, showing insignificant differences between cultivar types. Overall, the studied varieties - Golden Delicious, Royal Gala, and Starkrimson - exhibit distinct physiological and morphological characteristics. Variations in size, shape, skin color, flesh attributes, as well as sugar and acid content, contribute to the uniqueness of each variety. Whether one prefers sweet or tart apples, or favors larger or smaller fruits, there exists an apple variety to cater to individual tastes. Our findings complement molecular analyses and underscore the need for further exploration of apple germplasm, alongside sustained conservation efforts.

Ilex aquifolium L. is an endemic species in Algeria’s Tellian and Saharan Atlas mountains in the country’s center and east, and it is on the verge of extinction owing to a variety of reasons. To help preserve it, we devised an in vitro micropropagation technique. The cuttings with axillary buds were cultured on different media supplemented with different combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators. The best results were obtained on Woody Plants Medium (WPM) supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP: 1.5 mg/LL, 3 mg/L) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA: 1.5 mg/LL) in combination with BAP (1.5 mg/ L); BAP (1.5 mg/ L) with Gibberellins (GA3: 0.5 mg/ L). The best shoot proliferation rates were obtained on WPM supplemented with 1.5 mg/LL (BAP) and BAP: 1.5 mg/L; GA3: 0.5 mg/L; or BAP: 1.5 mg/L + ANA: 1.5 mg/L. The highest rooting rate (100%) was obtained with shoots grown on WPM medium supplemented with NAA (1.5 mg/LL). Absence of routing formation was observed in media containing indolacetic acid (IAA: 1 mg/ L) alone or combined with BAP: 0.5 mg/ L) The best-rooted shoots must be acclimatized to a substrate consisting of a mixture of peat and sand (1:1 v/vv), the seedlings have been acclimatized successfully.

Honey has a long history of use in many cultures as food and medicine. It is a food of animal origin closely linked to the territory, due to honeybees need the flora to obtain the honey. Melissopalynology plays a significant role in the identification of the distinctive food print of honey throughout its pollen content, being essential for guaranteeing origin. Algeria is the largest country in North Africa and possesses a diversified territory with different ecosystems that host wide plant biodiversity. Apiculture relies heavily on the pollination of plant species and the conservation of biodiversity, but also is a good source of economic income in rural areas. In Algeria, knowledge about plant resources for honey bees and the properties of the honey is raising interest. In this context, this chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the different ecosystems of Algeria, the main pollen types found in the pollen spectra of honey and the principal honey types described.

 Daboia mauritanica (Gray, 1849), Moorish Viper, is native to North Africa. We update the distribution map for this species in Algeria, providing 19 new locality records, filling distribution gaps and significantly expanding the species’ known range. Our updated distribution map reveals a widespread presence of the species in northern Algeria, extending south into the northern Sahara. We note that some historical records in certain provinces remain unconfirmed and/or questionable, indicating the need for further investigation. Our findings underscore the importance of collaboration between researchers and citizen scientists in Algeria.

Aphids cause biotic stress and vector diseases. However, wheat’s morphological and biochemical responses to aphid infestation are poorly studied. Our study evaluated the varietal behavior of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) against Rhopalosiphum maidis (Homoptera: Aphididae) in laboratory conditions. We studied morphological trait variation (plant height [HP], flag leaf area [SFDF], leaf area [SF], spike length [LE], and beard length [LB]) and biochemical characteristics (chlorophyll, soluble sugars, and proline contents) of three varieties in Algeria: MBB, BOU, and GTA. MBB is the least affected, with a 13.34 % infestation rate. The heaviest infestation occurs during the heading stage. All morphological factors decreased in length or surface between control and infested samples. ANOVA showed significant variations for HP, LE, SFDF, and SF but not LB. Biochemical parameters decrease in GTA. In MBB, chlorophyll and soluble sugars decrease while proline increases. For BOU, soluble sugars decrease while chlorophyll and proline increase. Only soluble sugars showed a significant statistical variation between control and infested plants. HP is affected by aphid infestation, which is of higher significance for MBB. Proline content is affected in BOU and GTA. There is no significant variation between aphid infestation and chlorophyll, soluble sugars, and proline levels for MBB. The effect of R. maidis infestation is less important on MBB. HP, SFDF, SF, and LE are morphological selection criteria for R. maidis infestation resistance. Proline is a biochemical selection criterion. Genetic and molecular analyses are required to identify genes for programs that enhance durum wheat’s resistance to R. maidis infestations.