This work was conducted on 23 samples distributed between springs, wells and boreholes tapping the shal-low and deep aquifer in the M’Daourouch-Drea area located in extreme northeast of Algeria. Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl–, SO42–, HCO3– and NO3– were analysed. The interpretation of the geological-geophysical data allowed us to highlight two aquifers. The first consists of conglomerates, sandstones, gravels, sands, marls, limestones, la-custrine and alluvial deposits varying in thickness from a few tens to a few hundred meters, representing Neo-gene-Quaternary filling of the studied basin. The second is more important localized in the cracked and karstified limestones of upper Cretaceous age; these limestones are outcropped on the flanks of the syncline and the bor-ders of the basin. The first aquifer sometimes rests directly on the second which allows hydraulic communication between them. The hydogeochemical and statistical study, with the combination of numerous tools, indicates that the chemistry of groundwater in the M’Daourouch-Drea Plain is controlled both by the dissolution of the miner-als of the evaporite formations and those of the carbonate formations.

There are several forms of electricity generation, first, by burning fuels, such as coal, natural gas or oil, which have an effect on the atmosphere, especially increasing greenhouse gases, or, second, from renewable sources, such as wind, hydro and solar, which are clean and renewable sources of energy. Our work focuses on solar sources, especially photovoltaics; we have treated the steering part of photovoltaic generators using artificial intelligence methods, specifically, case-based reasoning. The system we have built generates actions to be applied to the generator based on its current state and reasoning from previous cases recorded in the case ba

There are several forms of electricity generation, first, by burning fuels, such as coal, natural gas or oil, which have an effect on the atmosphere, especially increasing greenhouse gases, or, second, from renewable sources, such as wind, hydro and solar, which are clean and renewable sources of energy. Our work focuses on solar sources, especially photovoltaics; we have treated the steering part of photovoltaic generators using artificial intelligence methods, specifically, case-based reasoning. The system we have built generates actions to be applied to the generator based on its current state and reasoning from previous cases recorded in the case ba

There are several forms of electricity generation, first, by burning fuels, such as coal, natural gas or oil, which have an effect on the atmosphere, especially increasing greenhouse gases, or, second, from renewable sources, such as wind, hydro and solar, which are clean and renewable sources of energy. Our work focuses on solar sources, especially photovoltaics; we have treated the steering part of photovoltaic generators using artificial intelligence methods, specifically, case-based reasoning. The system we have built generates actions to be applied to the generator based on its current state and reasoning from previous cases recorded in the case ba

There are several forms of electricity generation, first, by burning fuels, such as coal, natural gas or oil, which have an effect on the atmosphere, especially increasing greenhouse gases, or, second, from renewable sources, such as wind, hydro and solar, which are clean and renewable sources of energy. Our work focuses on solar sources, especially photovoltaics; we have treated the steering part of photovoltaic generators using artificial intelligence methods, specifically, case-based reasoning. The system we have built generates actions to be applied to the generator based on its current state and reasoning from previous cases recorded in the case ba

The article describes a study on the influence of RF magnetron cathode sputter thickness, (09) Ni/NiO thin multilayer (each multilayer varies from 35Å to 3000Å). Measurements exploited by different MEB and XRD measurement techniques were obtained to give structural results and the average variation of the multilayer strength and the hysteresis cycles follow the two directions parallel and perpendicular to the substrate by VSM at room temperature. magnetic results.

The article describes a study on the influence of RF magnetron cathode sputter thickness, (09) Ni/NiO thin multilayer (each multilayer varies from 35Å to 3000Å). Measurements exploited by different MEB and XRD measurement techniques were obtained to give structural results and the average variation of the multilayer strength and the hysteresis cycles follow the two directions parallel and perpendicular to the substrate by VSM at room temperature. magnetic results.

The article describes a study on the influence of RF magnetron cathode sputter thickness, (09) Ni/NiO thin multilayer (each multilayer varies from 35Å to 3000Å). Measurements exploited by different MEB and XRD measurement techniques were obtained to give structural results and the average variation of the multilayer strength and the hysteresis cycles follow the two directions parallel and perpendicular to the substrate by VSM at room temperature. magnetic results.

The article describes a study on the influence of RF magnetron cathode sputter thickness, (09) Ni/NiO thin multilayer (each multilayer varies from 35Å to 3000Å). Measurements exploited by different MEB and XRD measurement techniques were obtained to give structural results and the average variation of the multilayer strength and the hysteresis cycles follow the two directions parallel and perpendicular to the substrate by VSM at room temperature. magnetic results.

The article describes a study on the influence of RF magnetron cathode sputter thickness, (09) Ni/NiO thin multilayer (each multilayer varies from 35Å to 3000Å). Measurements exploited by different MEB and XRD measurement techniques were obtained to give structural results and the average variation of the multilayer strength and the hysteresis cycles follow the two directions parallel and perpendicular to the substrate by VSM at room temperature. magnetic results.

The article describes a study on the influence of RF magnetron cathode sputter thickness, (09) Ni/NiO thin multilayer (each multilayer varies from 35Å to 3000Å). Measurements exploited by different MEB and XRD measurement techniques were obtained to give structural results and the average variation of the multilayer strength and the hysteresis cycles follow the two directions parallel and perpendicular to the substrate by VSM at room temperature. magnetic results.

The article describes a study on the influence of RF magnetron cathode sputter thickness, (09) Ni/NiO thin multilayer (each multilayer varies from 35Å to 3000Å). Measurements exploited by different MEB and XRD measurement techniques were obtained to give structural results and the average variation of the multilayer strength and the hysteresis cycles follow the two directions parallel and perpendicular to the substrate by VSM at room temperature. magnetic results.

The article describes a study on the influence of RF magnetron cathode sputter thickness, (09) Ni/NiO thin multilayer (each multilayer varies from 35Å to 3000Å). Measurements exploited by different MEB and XRD measurement techniques were obtained to give structural results and the average variation of the multilayer strength and the hysteresis cycles follow the two directions parallel and perpendicular to the substrate by VSM at room temperature. magnetic results.