Today’s, and near future, communication networks rely heavily on capacity expansion to keep pace with the massive number of mobile devices and ever-increasing mobile traffic. This expansion can be achieved through three major ingredients, namely, adding more wireless-spectrum, efficient usage of this spectrum, and adequate networks’ architectures. In this paper, a proposition for integrating these three ingredients in a cognitive-radio-inspired framework is presented. The focus is on the integration of the idle spectrum resources of different wireless networks into a single mobile heterogeneous wireless network. This framework is based on a conceptual network-architecture articulated with a generic and cooperative spectrum-harvesting scheme. The former brings the necessary agility for such heterogeneous environments, the latter keeps the network supplied with the vital spectrum resources. In our proposal, we make use of cross-correlated sequences (CCSs) for context-aware events’ signaling purposes. This choice is motivated by the particularly interesting characteristics of CCSs, namely, duration shortness, robustness to bad radio conditions, detection rather than decoding, and low probability of collision. As an illustration, we propose a reporting and detection scheme, in the context of OFDMA systems, and provide performance results from simulations to validate our proposal.

The present paper deals with a real-time implementation of a novel Fuzzy logic energy management strategy (EMS), applied to a battery–super capacitor hybrid energy system and associated with a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) which emulates the traction part of an electric vehicle (EV). On the sources side, the fuzzy logic supervisor acts in a smart way to permute smoothly between the various operations modes via an efficient power frequency splitting. In addition, it permits a quite regulation of both the DC bus and the super-capacitor (SC) voltages regardless of the speed profile variations to ensure an optimal power flow to the load and to keep the SC operation in a safe voltage range while providing or absorbing power in transients. On the traction side, a second order sliding mode control called ‘super-twisting’ (ST), associated with a space vector modulation (SVM) strategy is applied to ensure …

Multilevel thresholding is a widely used technique to perform image segmentation. It consists of dividing an input image into several distinct regions by finding the optimal thresholds according to a certain objective function. In this work, we generalize the use of the SSIM quality measure as an objective function to solve the multilevel thresholding problem using empirically tuned swarm intelligence algorithms. The experimental study we have conducted shows that our approach, producing near-exact solutions, is more effective compared to the state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, we show that the computation complexity has been significantly reduced by adopting a shared-memory parallel programming paradigm for all the algorithms we have implemented.

Le bassin d’Ain Djasser fait partie de l’ensemble Sud-Sétifien. Ce dernier est représenté par une plaine inter-montagneuse appartenant au bassin des hauts plateaux constantinois. Il est caractérisé par un climat de type méditerranéen. L’hydrologie tributaire du relief est la conséquence directe des eaux de surface et de la fonte des neiges. La synthèse géologique montre un domaine allochtone résultant d’une histoire polyphasée associant les tectoniques atlasique et alpine. Ce dernier est caractérisé par des séries sédimentaires carbonatées colmaté par d’abondantes formations terrigènes. L’alimentation de l’eau souterraine des différentes nappes profondes à semi-profondes provient essentiellement de l’infiltration des eaux de pluies. Ce cortège de roche forme une nappe libre et captive, par endroit recoupée par des forages à des profondeurs de 178 à 330 m, fournissant un débit moyen de 15 l/s. L’interprétation des coupes géoélectriques du bassin montrent, (i) des formations alluvionnaires du mio-plio-quaternaire de quelques dizaines de mètres qui forment un bon aquifère superficiel, (ii) des calcaires fissurés du jurassico-crétacé dont le toit est atteint à des profondeurs variables est un aquifère captif. L’influence d’accidents entre les différents blocs rend possible une éventuelle alimentation des aquifères entres eux. L’analyse litho-stratigraphique montre que le substratum et la couverture sédimentaire ne présentent pas de grandes variations latérales. Par contre, nous observons au niveau des sondages une variation dans l’épaisseur et la lithologie des couches, essentiellement au niveau de la formation du remplissage mio-plio-quaternaire. L’objectif de cette étude réside pour l’essentiel, dans la mobilisation des ressources en eaux superficielles et souterraine pour leurs exploitations dans les domaines agricoles et l’élevage, en vue d’une utilisation rationnelle et planifiée de cet élément vital qu’est l’eau

: This paper is a contribution to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of the groundwater of Merdja Zana-Chott Saboun. The study of geology with the geophysics highlights the existence of two formations aquifers. The first surface formation, formed by levels of sand, gravel, limestone and clay intercalations, dating to the age of the Mio-PlioQuaternary. The second formation is carbonated and formed primarily by limestones of the lower Cretaceous and superior Jurassic. The covering of surface reaches, in certain places, 150m of thickness in particular near the Chott and a low thickness in the vicinity of the mountains. T: This Thist t t he multivariate statistical techniques, were used to identify the hydrochemical processes and their relation with groundwater quality and to get an insight into the hydrochemical Chott Saboun aquifer groundwater chemistry evaluation. Twenty five samples are analyzed. The Piper diagram showed that water facies are magnesium bicarbonate on the sides of the western reliefs and magnesium chloride-sulphated at the north and the center of the plain. The PCA carried out on three factors revealed that on the factorial design F1-F3, nitrates negatively determine factor 3, indicating the presence of an agriculture pollution. On the factorial design F1-F2, HCO3 - negatively determine the factor 2, indicating the carbonated origin. However, the CA, based on variables, showed that the waters in the region can be classified into three groups according to flow direction while, the CA, based on major ion contents, defined three groups, reflecting the same hydrochemical facies. The first group characterized by Mg2+ and Cl- , HCO3 - . Samples of this group are mostly located in the north and northeastern part of the region. The second group characterized by Mg2+ and SO4 --, Clis located near the Northwestern and western outcrops. The third group coincides with the central part, the lowest of the plain, characterized by Mg2+ and SO4 --. The hydrochemical study made it possible to allot the evaporitic origin to the elements Na+, Mg2+ , K + , Cl- , SO4 - , while for element HCO3 - it results from the carbonated formations. These results showed that the presence of nitrates in the studied area is closely linked to the agricultural activity.