Located in northeast Algerian, the coastal aquifer of Taleza constitutes a significant source of groundwater. It contains hundreds of private wells installed by the population for several purposes including drinking water. Recently, the groundwater has become quite salinized. Furthermore, some people have noted the presence of a bad odor, as rotten eggs, in the groundwater pumped from their wells. The groundwater quality is mostly controlled by two factors: 1) natural processes related to aquifer lithology, and soil/rock interactions with groundwater, and 2) anthropogenic activities. However, the later activities can be considered as the most serious sources of groundwater contamination. This paper describes a review of potential anthropogenic sources of groundwater contamination over the Taleza territory. Several different potential anthropogenic sources were identified, such as cultivated fields, private sanitation systems, random urbanisation, over-exploitation of groundwater, solid waste dumpsites, and cemeteries. Consequently, efficient and durable groundwater protection planning is urgently required, to limit and possibly remediate groundwater contamination related to anthropogenic activities.

Located in northeast Algerian, the coastal aquifer of Taleza constitutes a significant source of groundwater. It contains hundreds of private wells installed by the population for several purposes including drinking water. Recently, the groundwater has become quite salinized. Furthermore, some people have noted the presence of a bad odor, as rotten eggs, in the groundwater pumped from their wells. The groundwater quality is mostly controlled by two factors: 1) natural processes related to aquifer lithology, and soil/rock interactions with groundwater, and 2) anthropogenic activities. However, the later activities can be considered as the most serious sources of groundwater contamination. This paper describes a review of potential anthropogenic sources of groundwater contamination over the Taleza territory. Several different potential anthropogenic sources were identified, such as cultivated fields, private sanitation systems, random urbanisation, over-exploitation of groundwater, solid waste dumpsites, and cemeteries. Consequently, efficient and durable groundwater protection planning is urgently required, to limit and possibly remediate groundwater contamination related to anthropogenic activities.

This paper proposes a compromise-tolerant (t,n)-threshold certification management scheme for MANETs. Our solution allows to mitigate the impact of compromised nodes that participate in the certification service. In our design, certification management is achieved anonymously by an Anonymous Certification Authority (ACA). The latter is fully distributed into multiple disjointed coalitions of nodes whose structure is made hidden. This prevents an adversary from taking the control of the ACA by arbitrarily compromising t or more nodes. In other words, our proposal enhances the compromise-tolerance to more than the threshold number t of nodes without breaking down the whole certification system. As a result, our scheme requires a very smaller threshold than traditional schemes, which improves considerably the service availability. The experimental study shows a clear advantage over traditional threshold-based certification schemes by ensuring a significant positive compromise between security and availability of certification service.

This paper proposes a compromise-tolerant (t,n)-threshold certification management scheme for MANETs. Our solution allows to mitigate the impact of compromised nodes that participate in the certification service. In our design, certification management is achieved anonymously by an Anonymous Certification Authority (ACA). The latter is fully distributed into multiple disjointed coalitions of nodes whose structure is made hidden. This prevents an adversary from taking the control of the ACA by arbitrarily compromising t or more nodes. In other words, our proposal enhances the compromise-tolerance to more than the threshold number t of nodes without breaking down the whole certification system. As a result, our scheme requires a very smaller threshold than traditional schemes, which improves considerably the service availability. The experimental study shows a clear advantage over traditional threshold-based certification schemes by ensuring a significant positive compromise between security and availability of certification service.