An effective Food Traceability System (FTS) in a Food Supply Chain (FSC) should adequately provide all necessary information to the consumer(s), meet the requirements of the relevant agencies, and improve food safety as well as consumer confidence. New information and communication technologies are rapidly advancing, especially after the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT). Consequently, new food traceability systems have become mainly based on IoT. Many studies have been conducted on food traceability. They mainly focused on the practical implementation and theoretical concepts. Accordingly, various definitions, technologies, and principles have been proposed. The “traceability” concept has been defined in several ways and each new definition has tried to generalize its previous ones. Nevertheless, no standard definition has been reached. Furthermore, the architecture of IoT-based food traceability systems has not yet been standardized. Similarly, used technologies in this field have not been yet well classified. This article presents an analysis of the existing definitions of food traceability, and thus proposes a new one that aims to be simpler, general, and encompassing than the previous ones. We also propose, through this article, a new architecture for IoT-based food traceability systems as well as a new classification of technologies used in this context. We do not miss discussing the applications of different technologies and future trends in the field of IoT-based food traceability systems. Mainly, an FTS can make use of three types of technologies: Identification and Monitoring Technologies (IMT), Communication Technologies (CT), and Data Management Technologies (DMT). Improving a food traceability system requires the use of the best new technologies. There is a variety of promising technologies today to enhance FTS, such as fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems and distributed ledger technology (DLT).

An effective Food Traceability System (FTS) in a Food Supply Chain (FSC) should adequately provide all necessary information to the consumer(s), meet the requirements of the relevant agencies, and improve food safety as well as consumer confidence. New information and communication technologies are rapidly advancing, especially after the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT). Consequently, new food traceability systems have become mainly based on IoT. Many studies have been conducted on food traceability. They mainly focused on the practical implementation and theoretical concepts. Accordingly, various definitions, technologies, and principles have been proposed. The “traceability” concept has been defined in several ways and each new definition has tried to generalize its previous ones. Nevertheless, no standard definition has been reached. Furthermore, the architecture of IoT-based food traceability systems has not yet been standardized. Similarly, used technologies in this field have not been yet well classified. This article presents an analysis of the existing definitions of food traceability, and thus proposes a new one that aims to be simpler, general, and encompassing than the previous ones. We also propose, through this article, a new architecture for IoT-based food traceability systems as well as a new classification of technologies used in this context. We do not miss discussing the applications of different technologies and future trends in the field of IoT-based food traceability systems. Mainly, an FTS can make use of three types of technologies: Identification and Monitoring Technologies (IMT), Communication Technologies (CT), and Data Management Technologies (DMT). Improving a food traceability system requires the use of the best new technologies. There is a variety of promising technologies today to enhance FTS, such as fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems and distributed ledger technology (DLT).

Logistics is one of the main tactics that countries and businesses are improving in order to increase profits. Another prominent theme in today’s logistics is emerging technologies. Today’s developments in logistics and industry are how to profit from collected and accessible data to use it in various processes such as decision making, production plan, logistics delivery programming, and so on, and more specifically deep learning methods. The aim of this paper is to identify the various applications of deep learning in logistics through a systematic literature review. A set of research questions had been identified to be answered by this article.

Graph theory is a vast field that constitutes a very important body of knowledge. Indeed, this book is just an introduction aiming at clarifying some essential points in this vital field: basic notions, some basic algorithms that are used to solve some classical and famous problems like path finding, tree finding, flow finding, ...etc. Finally, graph theory can be summarized by what Napoleon said: "A little drawing is better than a big speech".

La surveillance est la fonction d’observer toutes activités humaine ou environnementales dans le but de superviser, contrôler ou même réagir sur un cas particulier; ce qu’on appelle la supervision ou le monitoring. La technologie de la radio-identification, connue sous l’abréviation RFID (de l’anglais Radio Frequency IDentification), est l’une des technologies utilisées pour récupérer des données à distance de les mémoriser et même de les traiter. C’est une technologie d’actualité et l’une des technologies de l’industrie 4.0 qui s’intègre dans de nombreux domaines de la vie quotidienne notamment la surveillance et le contrôle d’accès. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer comment protéger et surveiller en temps réel des zones industrielles critiques et de tous types d’accès non autorisés de toute personne (employés, visiteurs…) en utilisant la technologie RFID et cela à travers des exemples de simulation à l’aide d’un simulateur dédié aux réseaux de capteurs.

L’évolution récente des moyens de la communication sans fil a permet la manipulation de l’information à travers des unités de calculs portables, appelés capteurs. Ces derniers, qui ont des caractéristiques particulières, sont capables de récolter, de traiter et de transmettre des données environnementales d’une manière autonome.Dans ce livre sont introduites les connaissances de base nécessaires à la bonne compréhension des capteurs intelligents, des réseaux de capteurs et les différents types protocoles de routage spécifiques aux réseaux de capteurs. Nous fournirons ainsi les définitions généralement acceptées par ce type de réseau. Nous aborderons également par une description succincte les principales caractéristiques, contraintes et facteurs conceptuels qui surviennent dans ces réseaux. Nous présenterons ensuite les différentes orientations prises aux applications des réseaux de capteurs.

Industry 4.0 is a tsunami that will invade the whole world. The real challenge of the future factories requires a high degree of reliability both in machinery and equipment. Thereupon, shifting the rudder towards new trends is an inevitable obligation in this fourth industrial revolution where the maintenance system has radically changed to a new one called predictive maintenance 4.0 (PdM 4.0). This latter is used to avoid predicted problems of machines and increase their lifespan taking into account that if machines have not any predicted problem, they will never be checked. However, in order to get successful prediction of any kind of problems, minimizing energy and resources consumption along with saving costs, this PdM 4.0 needs many new emerging technologies such as the internet of things infrastructure, collection and distribution of data from different smart sensors, analyzing/interpreting a huge amount of data using machine/deep learning…etc. This paper is devoted to present the industry 4.0 and its specific technologies used to ameliorate the existing predictive maintenance strategy. An example is given via a web platform to get a clear idea of how PdM 4.0 is applied in smart factories.

 As commonly known that living beings cannot survive without natural sources available on earth, technology is no exception; it cannot develop without the inspiring help given by the same nature. The field of biology has extensively participated in the computing field through the "code of life" DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) since it was discovered by Adelman in the past century. This combination gave birth to DNA Computing, which is a very interesting new aspect of biochemistry. It works massively parallel with high energy efficiency, and requiring almost no space. The field of molecular computing is still new and as the field progresses from concepts to engineering, researchers will address these important issues.  By the use of encoding data into DNA strands, many NP-complete problems have been solved and many new efficient techniques have been proposed in cryptography field. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of bio-inspired system and to summarize the great role of DNA molecule in servicing of the technology field.

Le contexte actuel de globalisation et de concurrence accrue a entrainé les firmes à reconsidérer leurs stratégies d’internationalisation et à réexaminer les opportunités offertes et les risques associés. Les alliances stratégiques apparaissent ainsi comme des vecteurs privilégiés notamment par les firmes multinationales pour leurs nouvelles implantations.La communication et le travail d’équipe sont parmi les compétences les plus récurrents associés à une connaissance des sciences de l’ingénieur. Cependant, leur application n’est pas simple, en raison de l’absence d’approche pédagogique contribuant à développer des connaissances fondées sur l’expérience.Dans ce travail nous avons défini qu’est-ce qu’une organisation apprenante, qu’est-ce qu’un tutoriel et pourquoi un tutoriel personnalisé dans un métier, ses différentes formes et les démarches pour l’élaboration d’un tutoriel.Après nous avons donné une présentation de l’entreprise qu’est Textile Batna. Nous avons con\c cu un tutoriel pour l’entreprise sous forme d’un site Web. Pour cela, le langage UML a été utilisé. Les fonctionnalités du tutoriel ont été présentées.

Le 4ème semestre d’un mastère de recherche est consacré à la réalisation d’un travail de recherche qui sera traduit par une conception et une rédaction d’un mémoire de fin d’études et finalement la préparation d’un exposé oral puis une soutenance.Le mémoire de fin d’études est une étape très importante dans la voie des études universitaires, car sans elle, l’étudiant ne peut pas acquérir la qualité de diplômé.Alors, dans ce petit livre vous pouvez trouver un petit guide sur: - La fa\c con d’organisation de votre mémoire. - La présentation de votre soutenance. - La rédaction d’un travail de recherche. - La préparation d’un poster.Le 4ème semestre d’un mastère de recherche est consacré à la réalisation d’un travail de recherche qui sera traduit par une conception et une rédaction d’un mémoire de fin d’études et finalement la préparation d’un exposé oral puis une soutenance.Le mémoire de fin d’études est une étape très importante dans la voie des études universitaires, car sans elle, l’étudiant ne peut pas acquérir la qualité de diplômé.Alors, dans ce petit livre vous pouvez trouver un petit guide sur: La fa\c con d’organisation de votre mémoire. La présentation de votre soutenance. La rédaction d’un travail de recherche. La préparation d’un poster.

La quatrième révolution industrielle (nommée aussi l’Internet Industriel des Objets) dépend totalement sur la numérisation à travers l’Internet des objets et les réseaux virtuels. Cette révolution qui évolue à un rythme exponentiel, et non plus linéaire, va permettre la création d’usines, d’industries et de processus plus intelligents qui vont ensuite se traduire par une amélioration de la flexibilité, de la productivité et une meilleure utilisation des ressources matérielles et humaines. Cet article est consacré à introduire cette nouvelle révolution industrielle (industrie4.0), les technologies majeurs participant à son apparition, leur bénéfices attendus ainsi que leurs enjeux à prendre en considération.

Industry 4.0 is a tsunami that will invade the whole world. The real challenge of the future factories requires a high degree of reliability both in machinery and equipment. Thereupon, shifting the rudder towards new trends is an inevitable obligation in this fourth industrial revolution where the maintenance system has radically changed to a new one called predictive maintenance 4.0 (PdM 4.0). This latter is used to avoid predicted problems of machines and increase their lifespan taking into account that if machines have not any predicted problem, they will never be checked. However, in order to get successful prediction of any kind of problems, minimizing energy and resources consumption along with saving costs, this PdM 4.0 needs many new emerging technologies such as the internet of things infrastructure, collection and distribution of data from different smart sensors, analyzing/interpreting a huge amount of data using machine/deep learning…etc. This paper is devoted to present the industry 4.0 and its specific technologies used to ameliorate the existing predictive maintenance strategy. An example is given via a web platform to get a clear idea of how PdM 4.0 is applied in smart factories.

This paper presents a state-of-the-art of recent research work analyzing the requirements of Industry 4.0, particularly related to the competences issue. Over the last few years, the fourth industrial revolution has attracted researchers worldwide to find suitable solutions. However, there are still many gaps related to the Industry 4.0, particularly related to the humans competences issue. Among the many challenges facing companies in this paradigm, one of the most important is the qualification of employees with the necessary skills to succeed in a transformed work environment. To cope with knowledge and competence challenges related to new technologies and processes of Industry 4.0, new strategic approaches for holistic human resource management are needed in manufacturing companies. The main objective of the presented research is to investigate the importance of employee competences, key to the development of Industry 4.0

The era of Industry 4.0 has already begun, however, several improvements should be achieved concerning this revolution. Data mining is one of the modest and efficient tools. Based on a specific query entered in Scopus, related to Industry 4.0, data mining (DM) and logistics, selected documents were studied and analyzed. A brief background of Industry 4.0 and DM are presented. A generic analysis showed that the attentiveness for the cited subject area by countries, universities, authors and especially companies and manufacturers increased through the years. Content analysis reveals that the improvement in quality of the technologies used in manufacturing was noticed, concluding that DM would give Industry 4.0 a leap forward, yet research is dealing with several challenges.

Communication and teamwork are among the most recurrent skills associated with knowledge of engineering sciences. However, their application is not simple, due to the lack of a pedagogical approach that contributes to the development of knowledge based on experience. The problem in factories is the lack of daily self learning to avoid the essential presence of the experts in to resolve problems. In this work, we defined what is a learning organization, what is a tutorial and why a personalized tutorial in a trade, its different forms and steps for the development of a tutorial. After we gave a presentation of the company that is Textile Batna. This article discusses how to design a personalized tutorial, oriented and aimed at learning and knowledge transfer in the industry. By developing this system we aim to build an experimental database serving to preserve the knowledge of the production industry expertise of the Batna textile factory. We have designed a tutorial for the company in the form of a website. For this, the UML language was used. The tutorial features were presented. It helped employees to aquire certain skills without assistance of experts.

Ce livre présente un système de coordonnées virtuelles appelé VCSCClockwise. Ce dernier est libre-GPS et sans points de référence aidant à créer les coordonnées virtuelles. En se basant sur la notion de cluster, ce système fonctionne parfaitement dans un réseau homogène avec une forte connectivité en produisant trois coordonnées virtuelles uniques associées à chaque nøe}ud-capteur dans le réseau. Declivity est un protocole de routage géographique utilisé pour tester et évaluer ce système de coordonnées virtuelles. Ce protocole peut choisir le chemin le plus court avec le minimum de dissipation de l’énergie. En plus, la livraison est toujours garantie que se soit dans un réseau homogène avec une forte densité ou non.

It is always difficult to identify the most recent works that have been published, especially those published in recent years, due to delays in putting publications online, citations indexe, etc. Scientometry offers to researchers various concepts, models and techniques that can be applied to knowledge management (KM) in order to explore its foundations, its state, its intellectual core, and its potential future development. To this end, we have developed a scientometric KM framework to calculate the scientometric indexes related to a query introduced in the Scopus database, to facilitate research and monitoring of productivity and collaboration between the authors of KM in particular and also the dissemination of knowledge. The works between 2014 and 2019 are taken, the industry of services was omitted. It might help the decision makers and researchers to optimize their time and efforts. We used Unified Modeling Language (UML) to translate the development ideas of the scientometric framework structure into diagrams, and Delphi 7 to calculate the indexes and ensure other operations of research (about: articles, their authors, conferences, etc). This framework is only valid for Excel files extracted from Scopus or similar format. Finally, the relation between KM and industry 4.0 was established on found articles in Scopus.

Les technologies utilisées dans les systèmes de transport intelligents varient, allant

de systèmes de gestion basiques

comme les systèmes de gestion des carrefours à

feux, les systèmes de gestion des conteneurs, les panneaux à messages variables,

radars automatiques ou la vidéosurveillance aux applications plus avancées qui

intègrent des données en temps

-

réel avec ret

ours d'informations de nombreuses

sources, comme les informations météorologiques, ...etc.

Cet article donne un

bref

aperçu sur

une

gestion intelligente des carrefours à feux

utilisant des capteurs sans fils