The composition of the diet of the barbel (Luciobarbus callensis) was studied in the K’sob reservoir near the town of M’Sila (Algeria). The capture of the barbels was carried out between September 2010 and August 2011.The diet was studied from 379 specimens collected by trammel net. During the study period, it was noted that the food spectrum essentially consisted of Chironomids, Ephemeroptera and Copepods, which are abundant in the environment. The barbel of the K’sob reservoir has a seasonal food pattern influenced by climatic and ecological conditions and by its reproductive cycle. The diet of L. callensis in the study area is omnivorous, with a zoo-benthophage tendency.

In this paper, state variables estimation and Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control (FSMC) are presented in order to estimate the state variables and altitude-attitude tracking control in presence of internal and external disturbances for unmanned quadrotor. The main idea of the proposed control strategy is the development of an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for the observation of the states. Fuzzy logic systems are used to adapt the unknown switching-gains to eliminate the chattering phenomenon induced by Sliding Mode Control (SMC). The stability of the system is guaranteed in the sense of Lyapunov. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller-observer scheme that takes into account internal and external disturbances are demonstrated on computer simulation using Matlab environment.

The interest shown by some community of researchers to autonomous drones or UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) has increased with the advent of wireless communication networks. These networks allow UAVs to cooperate more efficiently in an ad hoc manner in order to achieve specific tasks in specific environments. To do so, each drone navigates autonomously while staying connected with other nodes in its group via radio links. This connectivity can deliberately be maintained for a while constraining the mobility of the drones. This will be suitable for the drones involved in a given path of a given transmission between a source and a destination. This constraint could be removed at the end of the transmission process and the mobility of each concerned drone becomes again independent from the others. In this work, we proposed a flocking-based routing protocol for UAVs called BR-AODV. The protocol takes advantage of a well known ad hoc routing protocol for on-demand route computation, and the Boids of Reynolds mechanism for connectivity and route maintaining while data is being transmitted. Moreover, an automatic ground base stations discovery mechanism has been introduced for a proactive drones and ground networks association needed for the context of real-time applications. The performance of BR-AODV was evaluated and compared with that of classical AODV routing protocol and the results show that BR-AODV outperforms AODV in terms of delay, throughput and packet loss.

The interest shown by some community of researchers to autonomous drones or UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) has increased with the advent of wireless communication networks. These networks allow UAVs to cooperate more efficiently in an ad hoc manner in order to achieve specific tasks in specific environments. To do so, each drone navigates autonomously while staying connected with other nodes in its group via radio links. This connectivity can deliberately be maintained for a while constraining the mobility of the drones. This will be suitable for the drones involved in a given path of a given transmission between a source and a destination. This constraint could be removed at the end of the transmission process and the mobility of each concerned drone becomes again independent from the others. In this work, we proposed a flocking-based routing protocol for UAVs called BR-AODV. The protocol takes advantage of a well known ad hoc routing protocol for on-demand route computation, and the Boids of Reynolds mechanism for connectivity and route maintaining while data is being transmitted. Moreover, an automatic ground base stations discovery mechanism has been introduced for a proactive drones and ground networks association needed for the context of real-time applications. The performance of BR-AODV was evaluated and compared with that of classical AODV routing protocol and the results show that BR-AODV outperforms AODV in terms of delay, throughput and packet loss.

Induction generator with direct field oriented control is preferred for high performance applications due to its excellent dynamic behavior. The accuracy for the dual star induction generator control in the remote area highly depends on estimating the undetectable machine parameter values, such as the magnetizing inductance and flux. The aim of this paper is to propose a novel direct rotor flux oriented control with online estimation of magnetizing current, which applied to stand alone dual star induction generator supplying a wind turbine in remote area. The induction generator is connected to nonlinear load through two PWM rectifiers. The results of the proposed technique based on the magnetizing inductance estimation that used to control of induction generator shows an importance to determine the rotor flux position.