This study aims to update the list of Nitidulidae species observed on date palms in Algeria (Ziban region), their spatial dynamics according to the development stages (larva, pupa, adult), and the effectiveness of the bagging operation. In 2020, we sampled and examined 1800 dates of the Deglet Nour variety from three palm groves managed with different protection modes: yellow bagging, white bagging, and no bagging. The results obtained mention the presence of nine species of Nitidulidae with five species reported for the first time on dates in Algeria. The highest relative abundance (RA) of Nitidulidae beetles was noted in the southern (28%) direction. However, the variation of infestation rate (IR) according to the direction was not very accentuated. The GLM analysis showed that, except for the adult stage, the direction presented a highly significant effect on the RA variation of the total Nitudilidae, the larva and pupa stages (p < 0.0001), but there was no significant effect of direction on the IR in all studied cases. The highest RA of total Nitidulidae was found on the white plastic-protected dates (RA = 42%), the IR of the total Nitidulidae was higher on dates protected by yellow plastic (IR = 38%). The unprotected dates recorded the lowest RA and IR for all studied cases and the effect of bagging type on the RA variation of Nitidulidae, in all studied cases, was statistically highly significant (p < 0.0001). This effect on the IR was very highly significant only for total Nitudilidae, larvae, and adults (p < 0.0001). So, the southern direction presents the best conditions for sheltering the largest numbers of Nitidulidae. The latter also has a marked preference for bunches covered by plastic bags rather than for those left uncovered. This implies the ineffectiveness of the operation of protecting dates with plastic bags, especially the yellow-coloured ones.

This study aims to update the list of Nitidulidae species observed on date palms in Algeria (Ziban region), their spatial dynamics according to the development stages (larva, pupa, adult), and the effectiveness of the bagging operation. In 2020, we sampled and examined 1800 dates of the Deglet Nour variety from three palm groves managed with different protection modes: yellow bagging, white bagging, and no bagging. The results obtained mention the presence of nine species of Nitidulidae with five species reported for the first time on dates in Algeria. The highest relative abundance (RA) of Nitidulidae beetles was noted in the southern (28%) direction. However, the variation of infestation rate (IR) according to the direction was not very accentuated. The GLM analysis showed that, except for the adult stage, the direction presented a highly significant effect on the RA variation of the total Nitudilidae, the larva and pupa stages (p < 0.0001), but there was no significant effect of direction on the IR in all studied cases. The highest RA of total Nitidulidae was found on the white plastic-protected dates (RA = 42%), the IR of the total Nitidulidae was higher on dates protected by yellow plastic (IR = 38%). The unprotected dates recorded the lowest RA and IR for all studied cases and the effect of bagging type on the RA variation of Nitidulidae, in all studied cases, was statistically highly significant (p < 0.0001). This effect on the IR was very highly significant only for total Nitudilidae, larvae, and adults (p < 0.0001). So, the southern direction presents the best conditions for sheltering the largest numbers of Nitidulidae. The latter also has a marked preference for bunches covered by plastic bags rather than for those left uncovered. This implies the ineffectiveness of the operation of protecting dates with plastic bags, especially the yellow-coloured ones.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Wetlands are present within intricate ecological settings, exhibiting dynamic changes over time and across different areas with regard to their functional and structural diversity. Several approaches have been introduced for ecosystem analysis and management since 1990s, where Driver – Pressure – State – Impact – Response (DPSIR) framework is one of the widely used approaches for assessing and managing environmental problems. In this study, we proposed a DPSIR framework as a model in the Sebkhates of Aures wetland complex (SAWC, Northeast of Algeria), in order to create a regional wetland observatory to deliver ecosystem services within current state of changes resulted from socioeconomic drivers. DPSIR facilitates the identification of essential indicators to detect threats to the Sebkahtes of Aures wetlands complex (SAWC), influencing policymakers to enhance the protection and management of these wetlands. In line with the established DPSIR framework. This same approach and methodology could be applied to the other 15 wetlands complexes known in Algeria, culminating in the creation of a national wetland observatory. Furthermore, DPSIR can be employed as an analytical tool for policy making in the context of sustainable management of wetland ecosystems and can serve as a model in the establishment and development of various observatory programs in Algeria.

Since 2011,Syria has witnessed a furious civil war that has resulted in a dangerous humanitarian crisis. Thousands of Syrians were obliged to leave Syria searching for a decent life.Some of these refugees succeeded in reaching their destination while others lost their lives.This paper seeks to investigate the representation of Syrian refugees in media discourse. More specifically, it aims to analysethe linguistic and discursive strategies employed by CNN andAl Jazeera in their representations of Syrian refugees through analyzing two articles published in 2015.It is a qualitative study that adopts Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) drawing on the social discoursal framework of Norman Fairclough. The results revealed that there is no neutral representation, and that both channels dehumanized Syrian refugees by representing them as great masses of vulnerable people.

Since 2011,Syria has witnessed a furious civil war that has resulted in a dangerous humanitarian crisis. Thousands of Syrians were obliged to leave Syria searching for a decent life.Some of these refugees succeeded in reaching their destination while others lost their lives.This paper seeks to investigate the representation of Syrian refugees in media discourse. More specifically, it aims to analysethe linguistic and discursive strategies employed by CNN andAl Jazeera in their representations of Syrian refugees through analyzing two articles published in 2015.It is a qualitative study that adopts Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) drawing on the social discoursal framework of Norman Fairclough. The results revealed that there is no neutral representation, and that both channels dehumanized Syrian refugees by representing them as great masses of vulnerable people.

Enterprises have always given great importance to business process management to be competitive and profitable. With the advent of cloud computing, other opportunities are given to these enterprises to execute their business processes with minimal cost in a very short time. Business processes (BPs) are modelled using specific languages. BPMN is the most popular of these languages. However, its current version does not support process modelling for eventual execution in the cloud. Resource management, risk management, deployment, and security are key concepts in cloud computing that a modelling language must support. This paper presents an extension of the BPMN language for modelling business processes in the cloud, integrating the concept of security to secure cloud execution. The use of our new proposed architecture and models for secure BPs is illustrated by a real-life example that demonstrates how our extension is used to define/enforce actual security requirements.

Enterprises have always given great importance to business process management to be competitive and profitable. With the advent of cloud computing, other opportunities are given to these enterprises to execute their business processes with minimal cost in a very short time. Business processes (BPs) are modelled using specific languages. BPMN is the most popular of these languages. However, its current version does not support process modelling for eventual execution in the cloud. Resource management, risk management, deployment, and security are key concepts in cloud computing that a modelling language must support. This paper presents an extension of the BPMN language for modelling business processes in the cloud, integrating the concept of security to secure cloud execution. The use of our new proposed architecture and models for secure BPs is illustrated by a real-life example that demonstrates how our extension is used to define/enforce actual security requirements.

Enterprises have always given great importance to business process management to be competitive and profitable. With the advent of cloud computing, other opportunities are given to these enterprises to execute their business processes with minimal cost in a very short time. Business processes (BPs) are modelled using specific languages. BPMN is the most popular of these languages. However, its current version does not support process modelling for eventual execution in the cloud. Resource management, risk management, deployment, and security are key concepts in cloud computing that a modelling language must support. This paper presents an extension of the BPMN language for modelling business processes in the cloud, integrating the concept of security to secure cloud execution. The use of our new proposed architecture and models for secure BPs is illustrated by a real-life example that demonstrates how our extension is used to define/enforce actual security requirements.

La verbalisation métagraphique, inspirée des entretiens d’explicitation de Vermersch (1991) favorise la métacognition. En effet, le scripteur est conduit à réfléchir à la fois sur la langue écrite comme objet d’étude et sur son propre fonctionnement. Ceci nous conduit à nous demander : Quelle méthodologie mettre en place afin d’accompagner les scripteurs, à savoir des étudiants universitaires dans le retour réflexif sur le fonctionnement de la langue ? Partant de l’analyse de verbalisations métagraphiques menées avec lesdits étudiants, nous postulons à ce titre, que l’accent serait mis sur une méthodologie qui pourrait être transposée dans le milieu institutionnel et ce, afin d’aider les scripteurs à expliciter leurs cheminements cognitifs voire, leurs choix orthographiques. Abstract: The metagraphic verbalization, inspired by Vermersch's explanatory interviews (1991), promotes metacognition. Indeed, the writer is led to reflect both on the written language as an object of study and on its own functioning. This leads us to ask ourselves: Which methodology should be set up to accompany the writers, namely university students, in the reflective feedback on the functioning of the language? Starting from the analysis of metagraphic verbalizations conducted with these students, we postulate that the emphasis would be placed on a methodology that could be transposed in the institutional environment in order to help writers to explain their cognitive processes or even their spelling choices.

La verbalisation métagraphique, inspirée des entretiens d’explicitation de Vermersch (1991) favorise la métacognition. En effet, le scripteur est conduit à réfléchir à la fois sur la langue écrite comme objet d’étude et sur son propre fonctionnement. Ceci nous conduit à nous demander : Quelle méthodologie mettre en place afin d’accompagner les scripteurs, à savoir des étudiants universitaires dans le retour réflexif sur le fonctionnement de la langue ? Partant de l’analyse de verbalisations métagraphiques menées avec lesdits étudiants, nous postulons à ce titre, que l’accent serait mis sur une méthodologie qui pourrait être transposée dans le milieu institutionnel et ce, afin d’aider les scripteurs à expliciter leurs cheminements cognitifs voire, leurs choix orthographiques. Abstract: The metagraphic verbalization, inspired by Vermersch's explanatory interviews (1991), promotes metacognition. Indeed, the writer is led to reflect both on the written language as an object of study and on its own functioning. This leads us to ask ourselves: Which methodology should be set up to accompany the writers, namely university students, in the reflective feedback on the functioning of the language? Starting from the analysis of metagraphic verbalizations conducted with these students, we postulate that the emphasis would be placed on a methodology that could be transposed in the institutional environment in order to help writers to explain their cognitive processes or even their spelling choices.

Notre article est une étude littéraire qui s’articule autour d’une composante importante du texte littéraire ; le personnage romanesque. Ce concept que nous allons explorer dans trois textes : le Festin Nu de William Burroughs. La Morsure du Coquelicot de Sarah haidar, et Archéologie du Chaos (amoureux) de Mustapha Benfodil. Notre étude vise à rechercher le lien intertextuel, en l’occurrence le personnage révolté, entre les trois romans. Plusieurs renvois dans les deux textes algériens au texte américain, nous ont poussé à s’interroger sur ce lien qui pourrait les rassembler. Cette étude va être à la lumière des théories faites par Roland Barthes et Kristeva sur l’intertextualité, aussi les travaux de Philippe Hamon et Vincent Jouve sur le personnage romanesque.