Une approche intégrant les données lithologiques, micropaléontologiques et statistiques a été menée sur les échantillons provenant de 4 coupes (El Gaâga, Tighanimine, Menaa et El Kantara) implantés en domaines de plate-forme différenciée. Elle a permis de redéfinir la stratigraphie du transect étudié, d’apporter les informations sur les préférences paléoécologiques de taxons de foraminifères benthiques, planctoniques et d’ostracodes et de décrypter des espèces indicatrices des paléoenvironnements au cours du Crétacé terminal (Campanien-Maastrichtien). Le Campano-Maastrichtien dans les Aurès s’organise en paysages sous forme de doubles collines séparées par une partie médiane en légère dépression. Cette morphologie correspond à la composition généralement tripartite du Campanien-Maastrichtien avec un membre inférieur d’alternance marno-calcaire (membre Haraoua), un membre médian marneux (Membre Akhdar) et un membre supérieur de calcaires massifs (Membre Ncham). La régularité de cette trilogie est modifiée dans l’anticlinal de Dj. El Azereg par des réductions, voire des lacune, affectant visiblement les trois membres. L’inventaire des principaux foraminifères du Crétacé terminal (Campanien-Maastrichtien) de l’Aurès se solde par la détermination de 141 espèces (dont 93 de foraminifères benthiques et 48 de planctoniques). L’application des concepts de la biostratigraphie sur l’ensemble des foraminifères planctoniques permis de distinguer différentes biozones, comprises entre le Campanien inférieur à El Gaâga et El Kantara (biozone à Globotruncanita elevata) et le Maastrichtien (biozone à Contusotruncana contusa). La biostratigraphie ainsi établie se révèle relativement fonctionnelle bien que l’absence de certains marqueurs ne permette pas une zonation très précise.

The majority of dams in Algeria have some thirty years lifetime, when it comes to tanks intended for drinking water supply or irrigation whose socioeconomic interests justify an unlimited service guarantee. It matters to predict the water retention filling rate and protect these dams from siltation that seems very acute. This paper deals with the problem of siltation in Foum Lgherza dam, in the East Algeria. We attempt to identify siltation behavior according to a detailed analysis based on the comparative approach between results obtained by a projected relationship for the study area, and the measuring results obtained by bathymetric surveys, both of results are very close and determine the aggressiveness of erosive balance and accelerated siltation.

We tried, by this work, to contribute a share to study it the aquifers of the plain of Zana, and to evaluate the

risks of pollu

tion related to nitrogenized flow.

The plain of Zana belongs to the catchment area of the high plateaus constantinois and more precisely of under

area catchment Merdja Zana, which extends on a surface of approximately 369 Km².

The study of geology with

the data of geophysics highlights the existence of two formations.

First formation, of

Mio

-

Plio

-

Quaternary surface of age formed by levels of sand, gravel, water limestone and argillaceous

intercalations.

The second formation, it is carbonated and formed

primarily by limestones of the lower Cretaceous and

Jurassic superior of the southern unit sétifien and parautochtone aurésien.

The covering of surface reaches in certain

places the 150m thickness in particular in the medium of the plain and a low thicknes

s in the vicinity of the solid

masses.

As for the carbonated formations they have 350m thickness.

The geomorphology, shows that our basin is lengthened, it has an average altitude of 935m and it is

characterized by a moderate relief and of soft slope.

Th

e hydrographic network is fart to develop and of endoreic type

with a temporary flow.

The climatological study showed that the area of study has an arid semi climate with an overdrawn

hydrological assessment.

The outline hydrogeologic of the plain show

s that the trainings of the lower Cretaceous and the Jurassic

superior can offer very interesting aquiferous possibilities just as the surface formation, it presents considerable

aquiferous potentialities.

Piezometry shows a convergence towards the depress

ions of Merdja de Zana and Chott

Saboun, which represent natural discharge system of the tablecloth.

The hydrochimic study made it possible to allot the evaporitic origin to the elements Na

+

, Mg

++

, K

+

, Cl

-

,

SO4

--

, as for element HCO3

-

,

it results fr

om the carbonated formations

The two partners of analyses carried out show that water resulting from the aquifer surface and the karstic aquifer has

the same facies hydrochimic which of magnesian type is chlorinated and sulphated, which testifies to the

existence of a

probable interaction between the two aquifers.

.

Nitric pollution is not visible although the area is with agricultural vocation

he aim of this study is to determine some food factors role on different stages of digestive carcinogenicity. The casecontrol study was carried out in Batna province (Algeria). 115 cases incidents of digestive cancers(60 men and 55 women),with median age of 59 years, were diagnosed between 1st January 2011 and 31 December 2012, compared to 230 cancers witnesses(83 men and 147 women). The respondents were subjected to a semi-quantitative food questionnaire. The bi-varied and multi-varied results analysis shown a significant link with risk decrease between the breakfast consumption of tea (OR=0.50) and milk (OR=042), also the raw vegetables consumption (OR=0.56) and studies cancers. On the other hand, a significant relationship with a risk increase between digestive cancers and some factors related to food stuff such as the consumption of “gueddid”(OR=4.91), adding salt to cooked foods (OR=4.18), cooking modes, frying (OR=12.90), preservation modes, the use of butter or “smen” in cooking food, the use of oils in frying for 4 times with re-using it (OR=3.98) and the number of meals that are more than 3 a day. For that, the Batna inhabitants need to change their food habits by decreasing the consumption of certain traditional food (gueddid and smen) and increasing fruits, vegetables, milk and tea consumption.

The basin of Timgad belongs to the North-Eastern Algerian Saharan Atlas; it is located at the northern extension of the Aures Mountains. The basin is an asymmetrical syncline oriented East-West covering an area of 1000 Km2. The climate is semi-arid (cold winter and hot summer) with average annual rainfall not exceeding 400 mm. Recently, the increasing agricultural activities led to an excessive exploitation of groundwater resources. In order to meet this rising water supply demands, implementing a water resources management policy is a priority which should be based on a basin hydrogeological study. Effectively, the geological and geophysical studies have confirmed the presence of permeable Miocene and Cretaceous formations (sandstone and carbonate); relatively resistant affected by fractures network, which are probably forming a confined aquifers. Indeed, recent wells drilled in the basin center and their boundaries; show that the aquifers are artesian. The sandstone aquifer of the Miocene is the most important, it is characterized by significant thickness which can exceed 200m, its extension as well as its particular corrugated geometry, characterized by a wavy shape, which forming a series of shale-marl filling depressions, influences the groundwater flow, actually, the piezometric surface illustrates groundwater convergent flow oriented to the east, towards Bou el freis, likewise the sandstone aquifer is marked by the presence of a West-East drainage axis which separates the basin northern part characterized by a low reservoirs hydraulic capacity from the southern part distinguished by the groundwater relative abundance. Groundwater is generally easily extracted, except the northern part of the basin where the top shale-marl layer is thickens to over 1000m.

In this paper, heat transfer analysis during cutting 2024-T351 aluminium alloy with carbur tungsten (25° rake angle) and especially in 2, 3D orthogonal cutting operation numerically was performed. The assembly was modelled, meshed and analysed using commercial computational tool ABAQUS EXPLICIT. The parameters to be varied are depth of cut and impact speed, the thermal boundary conditions are adiabatic, the thermal contact between tool and workpiece is imperfect and the following method is Lagrangian, the results were well visualized and compared with literature, [23] and are in good agreement with reality of cutting. It was found that maximum temperature turn around 400°C when cutting and it is located in chip formation on the other hand, heat conduction with impact speed were two antagonist phenomenon, in other terms, increase in impact speed has less effect on heat transfer and in conduction espescialy.