Les textes d’Isabelle Eberhardt se démarquent par leurs richesses et leurs portés ethnographiques, du fait des détails, descriptions, portraits faits de la société algérienne ou alors maghrébine, de manière générale et de ses habitants, à une époque marquée par le colonialisme. Ils sont aussi un témoignage qui rapporte les traditions, møe}urs, rituels de cette société sensée disparaitre sous les feux de la colonisation. Ils donnent forme et vie à cette identité «nationale » que la France voulait annihiler. Mais ils renseignent également sur l’esprit de curiosité, la minutie dans l’observation de la part de l’auteure qui justifie, en quelque sorte le mode de vie qu’elle s’est choisi.

School textbooks have always had some reflection of home culture or L2 culture in case it is foreign in textbooks or in real-life situations, interactions that take place between languages and their cultures have always contributed to cultural enrichment, the present study is an attempt to encourage intercultural dialogue between Mediterranean countries. Indeed, through the analysis of the literary texts proposed in Algerian second school textbooks, we aim to identify the Mediterranean cultures manifested using a didactic approach.

Since the difficulties that we are facing during all the activities, cooperative learning considers as the effective strategy to overcome these difficulties as well as improving the pupils’skills. This study stresses on the performance and organize this type of learning which led to the exchange and interaction between the group members as well as to its evaluation that allows pupils to know their abilities and their weaknesses Which give them the chance to suggest solutions for the coming collaborations that make them participate in their scientific track and make them self-reliant ones. Face aux difficultés rencontrées lors des différentes activités, l’apprentissage coopératif se considère comme une stratégie efficace pour surmonter ces difficultés et améliorer les compétences des élèves. Ce travail se focalise sur le fonctionnement et l’organisation de ce type d’apprentissage, qui favorisent l’échange et l’interaction entre les membres du groupe. De plus, sur son évaluation, qui permet aux élèves de savoir leurs forces et leurs faiblesses et de proposer des solutions pour les coopérations à venir, ce qui les implique dans leur processus d’apprentissage et les rendre plus autonomes.

A successful osseointegration involves the simultaneous optimization of the primary stability of the implant and the minimization of interfacial stresses bone - implant. In this context, the modeling of these stresses reports a great interest for researchers in last decades.The aim of this work is to study the effects of geometric parameters of a new model of titanium dental implant on the evolution of interfacial stresses bone /implant. For this, a dental implant of the second premolar in the lower jaw was considered, with different diameters, thread pitches and different thread forms. The profile of the interfacial stresses was presented for each case study, the results show a great similarity in the areas concerned, cortical bone, threaded region and cancellous bone, with the results obtained in the literature for other types of geometries.

In this paper we have developed an algorithm of boron diffusion after thermal annealing in a highly doped polysilicon film. This algorithm takes into account electrically active point defects by associating some parameters such as boron solubility limit and diffusion coefficient. We have studied effect of annealing temperature in order to perform impact of this parameter on maximum depth diffusion of junction and maximum of concentration by analysis of Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) profiles. In fact we have proposed numerical model based on Fick's equation, resolved by finite difference method under Matlab also we have simulated this phenomenon by Silvaco software.

This study aims to estimating annual soil erosion rate and its spatial distribution in the Bou Namoussa water-shed located in the North-East of Algeria by applying the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) within a Geographical Information System environment (GIS). The application of the RUSLE model in different natural environments and on every scale takes into account five key factors namely: the rainfall erosivity, the soil erodi-bility, the steepness and length of slopes, the vegetation cover and the conservation support practices. Each of these factors was generated in GIS as a raster layer, their combination, resulted in the development of a soil loss map indicating an average erosion rate of 7.8 tꞏha–1ꞏy–1. The obtained soil loss map was classified into four ero-sion severity classes; low, moderate, high and very high severity representing respectively 40, 30.48, 22.59 and 6.89% of the total surface. The areas, showing moderate, high and very high erosion rates which represent more than half of the basin area were found generally located in regions having high erodibility soils, steep slopes and low vegetation cover. These areas should be considered as priorities in future erosion control programs in order to decrease the siltation rate in the Cheffia reservoir.